Snatching victory from the jaws of defeat

Usually, we are in the situation where we are snatching defeat
from the jaws of victory, but for a change, I'm thinking we
should make a coherent effort to reverse that stereo-typical
behavior.
 
 In the following interview from Democracy Now:

puerto_rico_grid_related_issues

which contains many issues connected with recovery efforts
in Puerto Rico,  however, in particular there is an interview
with the head of the electric workers union in Puerto Rico.

In it he suggests that the offer by Elon Musk,
seen here:

elon-musk-puerto-rico-solar-power-tesla

is not an immediate solution for Puerto Rico's
grid issues, because of the studies that need to
be done, to insure that such a project moves
forward with the greatest effect.  In other words
he is not saying that sustainability efforts will
not benefit Puerto Rico, he is saying that
study needs to be done to implement the project
in a way that will provide the maximum benefit
for the over all effort ( or investment ) put into
it.

We need, to be brief, to design it before we build it.

I should repeat that 9 * 10 ^^42 times ,,,, ( big number )

however, if the U.S. or on a wider scale the Global
community is willing to invest, in these kinds of studies
in Puerto Rico, then the results of these studies should
have great significance in larger contexts.

One very interesting aspect of this might be the consideration
of somehow connecting the Puerto Rican grid to
some larger grid, perhaps connecting many of the Caribbean
 islands or perhaps somehow connecting back to the
main land, U.S..

This is an incredible opportunity, for success, which is
practical and reasonable, at the same time extending
that success to greater applicability.

 So to be brief such an effort, which would require modest
investment, could have very beneficial influence not just
on Puerto Rico not just in the near term ,  but also for the
long term and also provide wider benefits, both in the U.S.
or wider Global community.

The following is a link to one of the relief efforts for
Puerto Rico

UNICEF USA's Hurricane Relief Efforts in Puerto Rico

A bit of a vision on a global energy transmission system

So basically this is what I imagine a a system that would
be capable of transferring energy from one spot on the
globe to pretty much any other.

First of all I believe somewhat of a reform on the distribution
level which would include neighborhood power
generation systems,  of modest power generation levels,
but would involve  co-operation within communities.  These
generation systems would not  necessarily produce a massive
or industrial level  of energy but would involve a substantial
reduction in  transmission and industrial scale power generation.

And you can also see this in individual
power generation systems...

But beyond that, to maintain an industrial infrastructure
requires industrial energy production.  So on a large scale
we would need to greatly expand our ability to share energy
on a large scale.  One idea connected to this would be a more
industrial scale power generation at a local or pre - distribution
level, which would create an energy supply independent of
the transmission system.

But in general, the system would be defined in a sense
as a process, evolving over time,  making gradual and
continuous performance and innovative progress.  Progress
on this system would also involve integration of the system
into general infrastructure.

These are just a few brief notes on what a global  energy
system might contain. But clearly a much different tone and
atmosphere of co-operation globally would be necessary to
succeed with such an enterprise.

Helium-3 fusion

So this is also interesting topic which I have mentioned ....

here:  Superfluids ---

So again, this is direct link :  Helium3

But you can find many more items related to this,

for example :

India: ISRO 

Helium-3 fusion

China & Mining

Helium-3 really?

So more interesting ideas here /////

Photonic Fusion and photon fusion

This is an article that appeared under photonic fusion search on google....

Nuclear photonic rocket

Characterization of photonic fusion

Laser Focus World

from 2013 ,,,,

but also found this:

W-states


and maybe a band called

Photonic Fusion

Now from google search photon fusion:

Quantum State Fusion

and this 2008:

Photon Fusion Reactor (PFR)

and this

Max Plank Institute

and this

What is photon fusion?

which includes the following from 2009:

Scientists have manipulated light - such as sunlight - to combine the photons' energy with particular wavelengths. Previously only possible with high-energy density laser light, the process could pave the way for more efficient solar cells.

An innovative process that converts low-energy longwave photons into higher-energy shortwave photons has been developed by researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research in Mainz and at the Sony Materials Science Laboratory in Stuttgart (both in Germany).


Something to think about:


Definitely food for what you call it ???  

NREL National Renewable Resources Labratory

I am referring to this site: http://www.nrel.gov/


This is a brief entry also to describe my excitement on the
existence of this facility,   I have not yet spent sufficient
time examining this group, but yet, have much intent to
pursue blogging this topic in the near future.  I will simply
refer you to the following: nrel news
at this time.

More on - Planetary Network

Recently, I have become familiar with a line of thought that
 indicates, sometime in the ( --- not too distant --- ) past, our
entire globe may have been connected by some type of an
energy transference ( grid-like ) system, in the form of what
appears to be monumental edifices, dating from ancient to
prehistoric time.  This would also seem to be an interesting
connection of infrastructure and infrastructure planning in
that the energy transfer system seems to have been built
into the social infrastructure, in some ways.

As to the validity of this reasoning, I am personally
uncertain, but would strongly insist that more information
or research on this subject would seem to be of  significant
value, if only for better historical understanding
as regards the dimmer aspects of the human past, but
beyond that, if significant data of value on that possibility
became more clear, it would certainly assist, in the construction
of  such a project in our future, which I am convinced
is a project supported by good judgement and sound reasoning.

That last paragraph is almost entirely one sentence ( ? ).....
which would indicate perhaps I should make myself more clear.

#1 conjecture - a planetary network for energy transference
- of some type existed in the past.

#2 if true, it could assist with the construction of such a
network < grid > in the future.

#3 - the construction of such a system - would be a wise
course of action - for us currently, as it would perhaps
alleviate or reduce some of the noxious & potentially
planetary endangering effects of the systems now in place
on a global scale.

It is my personal belief, that #3 equates more or less
to the following-

If we don't significantly improve, and modify our
methods of energy consumption and transmission as
they now exist - the continuation of an advanced,
manufacturing type of culture/civilization on this
planet - becomes more and more unlikely or in other words
( less and less likely ).

Now, one issue, that is not so firm in my mind - but one
I tend to support is the issue of whether or not in the long
run - a manufacturing type of culture/civilization is strictly
to the long term benefit of the human race. What I mean there
is that I think it is beneficial for us at least to attempt to retain
the technologically ( somewhat ) advanced manufacturing
in which we are immersed.  But I also suspect that this
" premise ", does require significant examination and evaluation.

One thing does seem clear to me at this time and that is, as a
species, race, culture, or civilization, we should at least make
 an effort, and an effort to continue in a manner which is of
benefit to all those that inhabit this world.

--- hard time with a good enough title --- I am flabbergasted ( in a good way )

Every once in a while you experience a surprise, and that surprise
is so big that you are amazed... And so  something goes through
your mind like ---

O my God ! which sometimes comes out like --- oh my gosh ---
I didn't want to use either one for a title - and so you get
( hard time ). I could of sat here all day trying to come
up with something.

But anyway, in this case I will simply point to a web site
that really did it for me today ----


energystorageforum

So the above link is connected to a story going back to
April, 2013 which discusses a 36 megawatt battery connected
to a 153 megawatt wind farm.

Following the report - you find that this shook the renewable
energy industry.....

Well, I'm shaking almost 2 years later. You will also see references to
a conference in Rome ( I'm assuming Italy and not Georgia ) --- in
April 2015.  I'm pretty sure that's in Italy because the sign up is in
Euros - which I don't think they use very much in Rome, Georgia.

Anyway, I am completely amazed that things have advanced so
far - and it makes me really enthusiastic, " ha ha energized ", as well
as very hopeful that on a global level there is a understanding about
the need for this type of development.

Also, if you register for that Rome conference today you save a
bunch of money ---- ????   ( Euros ) ....  Probably not Georgia.

so link to registration >>>  register now

I am so impressed !!!!!  But I have to say these are not the
only players in the game --- there are many -
so for example ----

greentech

which if I had read that first I would not have been so
" flabbergasted ", since it dates from Sept - 2014 ----
which is just months ago, but very informative......
particularly included comments ---
so I'm going to add  flabbergasted  to the title.

cop 20

I wanted to note what appears to be a high level of concern about the
environment expressed at the Lima Climate Change Conference
and note here the march in Lima which occurred today.  Yes,
Lima is in Peru.

So at this point there are at least four links of importance.

U.N. Framework

Peoples' Summit

The Gurardian Coverage

Democracy Now Coverage

and more ( okay 5 )

Democracy Now: people before profit march


Democracy Now has been covering the event live on the daily broadcast.

This event is certainly a great attempt to shine light on what are
clearly global concerns shared on many levels and a clear call
for a response to address these very important issues.

It is somewhat interesting to note - that there does not appear to be
Wall Street Journal coverage on this event, the references I'm finding
are to September - not to detract at all from that media outlet
- after all it is a big world with lots of information and hopefully
it will continue that way for a bit more, which I believe is why
there is so much energy being put into this event in Lima.
( yes Peru ) ...


I'm wrong -

wall street journal

electric rockets

FYI:

referencing back to previous post - efficient orbital vehicles

the above search reveals four links to
wikipedia:

Electrically_powered_spacecraft_propulsion

Nuclear_electric_rocket

Ion_thruster

Electrically_powered_spacecraft_propulsion


plus

electric rocket basics

Also - back to previous post a suborbital " floating "
launch platform would require clever stabilization

high energy capacitors for energy storage

The above is a google search I did which returned:

series-c-high-voltage-energy-storage-capacitors

as well as this  ( don't know from when )

Topic_5_Picard

which is interesting - and may require further
research to determine his relation to

Jean-Luc Picard

and this ( 2014):

green energy

and this ( from ? ):

alternative energy

and this ( 2008 , ieee)

high voltage super capacitors

and this ( 2009, MIT )

nanocapacitors

efficient orbital vehicles

So here's my idea for creating more environmentally friendly
orbital vehicles.

Create a launch platform that could be raised or lowered, say
50 miles, on which the orbital vehicles are attached.  The accent
of the platform can be slow - and it would be raised like
a hot air balloon heated by concentrated sun light.  Then,
when the launch platform was not in use it could also function
as a power plant - supplying electricity/power.

The orbital vehicles would be dropped from the platform,
developing acceleration, then turning upward to attain orbital
velocity.  The actual trajectory would need to be analyzed,
but at there most efficient, they would be able to use something
like electric jets/rockets.

Ideally, these orbital vehicles would be able to return to the launch
platform, and the whole unit would gradually descend toward
earth.

There are many ways to design, in detail devices of this type,
the issue being how long can you maintain a concentrated
beam of sun light.  There are addition design factors to consider
such as -

1) batteries.
2) orbital " winches " - as for example
Arthur Clarke style - elevators.
3) other stuff - I haven't or can't think of.

For example, the actual orbiting vehicles could be launched upward,
from the launch platform, as in some kind of balloon, and then at
a higher altitude, drop, then use engines of some type to attain orbital velocity.

People Climate 9/21/2014

So this

> peoples climate

discusses some concerns of a " good many " people about climate
and the environment.

While it is possible that all these people are nuts -----
somehow, I find that very unlikely.

Briefly on Tesla

So I did watch a documentary and movie on Nikola Tesla,
which indicated to me if he had been adequately compensated
for his work he would of died quite wealthy, but did not.
This is even after deducting from what he might have
done, but did not.  But of course I'm no expert on that.

All that aside, it seems to me that what he was attempting
to do was create a prototype for a global energy transmission system.
Apparently, there was not a lot of  " buy in " from the financial
community of his time (  i.e., how many nickels can you
transform into dimes ? ), although you should consider
there was  some communication problems.  I think a lot
of people were scared.

Although, he might have been a bit ahead of his time, and by
that I mean he did not have access to the information and
technology available today, he did understand that what
he was doing was trying to create a " model " - at least -
I believe that is what he believed.  Again, I am no expert.
But I also did have the distinct impression that he was
quite " environmentally " conscious and concerned.

some details (links) on current - Wireless Power Transmission

So I just wanted to add this link to IEEE, 2013

> wireless transmission

and just point out from the description >

" WPT arrays is still an open research field " 

and this, 2011

> wireless transmission - other

from a Stanford student.

and this, 1992

> beamed microwave transmission

which includes " space " .

and this, 2014

> long distance power transmission

which again includes " space ".

and finally this, approx 2014

>  long-distance-wireless-power-transmission

Building complex capacitive devices.

From my last post - my idea is to create interconnected
capacitors - or storage devices with some complex behaviors -

1),  they would be able to discharge at electric
transmission voltages,

2),  they would be able to charge themselves -
-- collectively --- over long distances, longer distances
than are currently used in the electric transmission
grid.   So in fact they would have to transform high
energy transmissions back to electric current frequency.

3), they would be able to be charged from a variety of
sources, including alternative energy sources, residual
energy from infrastructure, as well as standard transmission
voltages.

If someone has these things built already, I would suggest
trying them out.

If they haven't been built, I know parts of it has, I think
someone needs to try and build one.  Probably will
cost " a bunch " of money ( most likely with zeros ).
\
Just so you know, I think some one could/may have an
even better idea.

At one point I had the idea that satellites might be used,
but I think that would imply a greater degree of accessibility
to orbit ( i.e. cheaper methods of
transport for people - to be monitoring and maintaining equipment ).

However, not building something like this because of
" space technology ", would, I think, be kind of stupid.

Expanding the nut shell

The transmission grid can be modeled as a battery and a resistor.
In order to make the picture more accurate the resistor must vary
over time.  My previous suggestion is to add a capacitative device
between the battery and the resistor - in fact creating an addition
battery.  If the capacitor is designed to provide peak voltage,
the battery at the other end can be made smaller.

In addition it would be possible to draw in current to a not yet
designed device at lower voltages  which would also supply
the capacitive device.

My other thoughts are that if these new devices are interconnected
by high energy bridges ( bridges which have higher ( energy/voltage )
than the current electric grid ) - energy could be ( shared ? ) across
regions, further reducing the load on the power generation system.
Even higher energy bridges might then connect more distant regions.

This all sounds vaguely like trying to make energy out of nothing.
Actually, it's an idea at how to utilize the energy we now
( produce and consume ) more efficiently.

How To Redesign the Electric Transmission Grid in a NUTSHELL

My original estimate for the redesign of the transmission grid in
2004 was $100,000,000.00

Today, because the average engineer is 20 times dumber than in
2004 - the new estimate is $2,000,000,000.00 --

Now - what's the problem:

The situation is this:

 the current - electric network is a Carnot engine which takes
" low energy " input --- creates High - energy transmission -
and then converts back to medium - distribution
and finally back to  usable "mechanical" stuff.

Changing the name to protect the innocent - call it an
energy transmission system ---

Carnot engine --- low input --- ( add capacitance ) --- various
higher energy transmission methods ---- etc, back to usable stuff..

The high energy does not have to be electric - it just has to be
efficient and somehow can be reconverted (efficiently) to
( the usable stuff ).


Moving right along ---- >>>>>

now the redesign takes place like this --- basically ----

3 international teams of less that 10 per ---- for " high level design"
( 30 x $150,000.00 = $4,500,000.00 ) approx 6 mo to 1 yr effort.


and at high level design phase end
- regroup and select the best features from the 3 teams.

large staff of engineers to do analysis --- research --- and
lower level design ---
( 500 - 1000 @ 50 - 100k =  --- $ 1,000,000,000.00 )
??? time frame.

again --- large technical staff for review --- issues dealing with
 --- > implementation --- and cost --- and creating sufficient
total documentation - that the actual --- build phases will not
require ---- additional expense at that level ---- however, it is
reasonable to assume that -- there will be continuous
ongoing costs - which should attempt to be minimized.
( ??? @ approx --- $1,000,000,000.00 )  ??? time frame.


And finally my current build estimate is $50,000,000,000.00 ---
but that is for an international system - over a 10-30 year time frame.

Approx: --- 5,000,000,000.00 / yr.

In conclusion, it is doable, it is prudent, and it's
( for many reasons ) - necessary.

The only problem is where does the money come from ???????

Well it should come from not just one country --- it should
be an international effort - although - in the end it will involve
local labor - so that some of those costs may
have to be absorbed nationally.

But if you plan on reducing --- transportation costs, resulting
labor synergy from infrastructure planning --- and more over
all benefits coming down the road - you have a long term --- pay back ...

Besides which you are employing a lot of people in constructive
efforts which is beneficial on a global economic level. Ideally -
some of this would come from ""  ??? decreasing international
hostilities "" ( ????? ) ... a highly unsound - non-beneficial
labor intensive process.

Improve the environment --- improve the economy --- and
 keep the planet - habitable for humans.

energy and health care

Health Care, Energy and other Issues:

I suspect that there are very few people who would try
to argue that if we wish to become a culture capable of
traveling to other and distant planets, it would be possible
to do this without well coordinated international co-operation.

I, for one, am of the conviction that the near term survival of
our species requires a good deal of international co-operation
both on the issues of the use of energy resources as well
as to the issues relating to health care and health care investment.

Now, it's seems that this issue of health care is a more pressing
issue for people in the U.S. - today because we haven't done a real
good job over the years with this issue and there are many reasons
for this – which could be mentioned – but it is an issue that I believe
no clear thinking – reasonable person can avoid. There are those who
would imagine that it is an entirely economic issue – with whom
I would disagree strongly. Making money and making people healthy
are related – in one very important way. You can't make money
 unless you have a healthy work force – so you can not have one
without the other. You might say – well - only certain members
of our society deserve a high quality of health care – because
they do work which is more important or they contribute more
to the over all economy. Then, people who make this argument
must be able to support it with at least a reasonable description
of the value of individual work. It is a system very hard to
support because everyone's effort in any particular area of
 endeavor is important – and although some may be rewarded
more highly for their labor – often the most important
contributions are made by individuals who actually earn less.

But, we need to face, as a nation that this effort to achieve
and maintain a good quality of health is important to us
as a nation.

Now my opinion is that this concept needs to be described
and incorporated into our constitution, because it is important.
And I also believe that this effort should be done by a national
body – a constitutional committee or congress – of individuals
from our entire nation to meet and openly discuss these issues
so a proper documents may be created to reflect these
concerns in detail. To do so would take a great deal of effort
– but to not do it will cost us in the long run. And a meeting
of this type should be done separately from our existing
government institutions mostly so that everyone can feel
that their inputs and concerns are recognized. There are many
reasonable arguments for this.



Today, in the U.S. - we have institutions at 4 levels of government
which are as follows:

1. National
2. State
3. County
4. Municipal

My feeling is that this should be expanded to 5 –
one of which the primary responsibility would be to
focus on the issues of health and health care.
My opinion is that these institutions should be on
a regional level and also there should be contributions
from existing taxes which would help support them as well
as consideration made for additional revenues to
be considered to help support them. In addition,
I believe that the leadership of these bodies should
consult with the president – either with his cabinet
or separately especially when the president is
considering issues of war.

There are many other details and thoughts and arguments relating to
this and that is exactly why a national meeting of this type can be of
such a great value – so that a lot of different ideas and so forth may
be openly and freely discussed – before a final document is to be
reviewed and agreed upon.

Now, just a brief example of how these issues affect us daily.
Huge amounts are invested and spent on lawyers – endlessly
discussing these things... Now, if these lawyers know so much
about medicine – then why are they not working in the health
care industry rather than standing around in public places –
discussing it ????? It would seem that spending so much
time talking about it would indicate that they probably
knew more than the doctors who are actually being paid to
do the work. If that were to happen then we could pay the
doctor-doctors ½ as much and the lawyer-doctors ¼
as much and we'd have twice the labor force and still spend less.

Energy

But on to a different area of concern and that would be energy
and the long term investments we must make to insure that
we'll survive what appears to be a potentially large scale
environmental catastrophe.  Now, lately people talk about the
carbon dioxide issue, but we must surely think clearly on
these issues.  What cannot be denied – except by those who
 have not clearly and impartially examined the facts in this
case - is that our energy transmission system is hopelessly
out of date --- almost all of this technology having been designed
and developed in the 1920's and 1930's.
 I personally believe we have learned a great deal more on
this subject – but there are some very clear issues that should
 be examined which is that we have so far progressed in our
use of electricity – that to call it simply electricity is not giving
a clear view of this subject, because we use it in such a variety
of ways – for example: in communication, in entertainment,
in pumping, in manufacturing, in health care, in transportation,
and the list is much longer.

It is clear that any attempt at modernizing this arena should be done
with that in mind so that rather than transmitting some
of these different type of energies long distances –
the power was more local - for some of these things the power
can be most easily derived from more renewable resources
– for example – cell phones can be recharged by solar or wind
– easily – and even some transportation power can be easily
created in this way .....

But now – another important issue is how high can the
transmission voltages be ???? It seems that 500 kv to
5,000 kv is not an unreasonable way to do that ---- although
I am not currently aware that higher voltages are being used.
But it is my belief that these projects should be integrated
into other infra-structure projects – with the call of enhancing both ---
So for example consider – that public transportation in the form
of fast, efficient, reliable and energy conscious systems are
the exceptions rather than the norm.... Our rail system in this
country is totally sub standard in all ways and even
within cities – public transit systems are often not well thought out
in such a way that the public is really benefiting sufficiently from it.

So, for example, consider that safe forms of transit may be
developed using strong magnetic fields in opposition to
the gravitation pull – so that – very little energy is then
required to move it because the frictional forces have been so
 much reduced. If, in addition, solar or wind systems were
developed with these systems then – they might end up as
energy producers. At the very least it should be considered
to incorporate some of the transmission systems as well –
so that both of these systems may be maintained together.

But it would be incorrect to assume that such a plan could be
implemented in a very quick way – without significant planning
and engineering. The result of that type of approach would
be potentially disastrous. However, with the right
materials and forethought this could become a very
practical and well utilized mode of transportation.

One speculative thought on this subject would be investigations
into some method by which the natural magnetic field of the
earth could be used to advantage.

In these ways I do not think that it is unreasonable to consider
that major hubs of the system would be able to add energy to
the system – thus increasing the energy available to the entire system.

It seems clear to me that any long range plans on this subject need to
consider many factors together – these being – particularly energy,
transportation, manufacturing, and city and community planning.
In this way we can look forward to progressing to a system which
will be good for people and good for the environment.

spilling the beans .....

It's time for me to spill the beans - moan and groan
like there is no tomorrow ....

First, my ranting part ....

Sometime, I would say before 2005 I became convinced that somebody
should invest millions of $$ in redesigning the electric transmission
grid .... which never happened and you can blame it on me because
I didn't have the focus to stick with it and get my point across.

If that had happened and we had spent 4 yrs doing the designs we
would have a product today which for a bunch more money we could
be implementing today in real action ---- in other words we could
be intelligently re-engineering and rebuilding the grid and would
be on our way to some real environmental and tangible energy
efficiency improvements.

Now that this idea has gone main stream - my guess is we are going
to forgo the design part and just rebuild the system which of course
will end up costing --- way more --- and achieving way less ---

Oh, well....

Now for the beans ----

Back around 2000-2001 I became convinced that we were on the verge of
a major technological breakthrough which I anticipated would happen
around 2006 - which I connected to our increasing understanding of
the principals of gravitation. A lot of this was motivated by
the work of Jack Sarfatti who I believed was reaching a scientific
understanding which would permit a new technological horizon.

Well, looking back on all of this --- this is what I have come to
understand --- Jack was trying to convince people that we needed a
breakthrough in propulsion which would put us on par with - the
"Other guys" --- "out there".....

First of all - after being focused on this for some significant amount
of time --- here are my general conclusions ....

First, if we are going to reach - on par - with " those guys " we need
to focus on the "craft" which we have available to us which is earth ...

Secondly, although I cannot really build the math --- the basic idea
that I understand is that gravitation is closely related to consciousness -
and in essence - consciousness is anti-gravity - although there my be
a certain amount of in precision to viewing it that way.

From a "practical" technological point of view all of this can be
connected together with - super-conducting - electro-magnetism and
nano-technology - and that could be a conceptual place to focus on
the rebuilding of the grid --- some of these material do not yet
exist - but - I feel pretty sure that if they are not being developed
that we should focus some of our energy and innovation in developing
them - which will allow use to interconnect our infra-structure with
the evolution of the grid - the big advantage of connecting or
infra-structure to the grid would be:
- one maintenance
- two efficiency.

Obviously, this is all very sketchy and vague -

If we had spent some $$$ back in 2005 there would probably be
blue prints - now - for most of this .....

I do however feel pretty strongly that alot of what is going on
currently in the area of quantum computing closely relates to
all of this.

I am confident that there are people out there - now who can
connect these dots - some in a much better way .... that I
can express them.

......................................................

unfortunately I have run out of beans...........

Scope

I've talked about the idea of redesigning the power transmission grid.
This certainly is a limited concept but a very complex proposition,
because even if such a design existed - what meaning would it have
in terms of the industry. There are well established norms of
behaviors within the industry - guidelines - regulations - etc .
so such a design would require some type of process by which
the proposals might be actually implemented.

In reality this blog cannot be the basis for a design - but only
a discussion and resource for what that design might look like,
what items might be contained in it and the steps that will
need  be taken to actually create something which would
have a meaning in the context of the industry.